Super
Speciality

Embracing the forefront of surgical innovation, we are proud to introduce 3D laparoscopic surgery, revolutionizing patient outcomes. Compared to traditional 2D methods, our 3D approach offers enhanced visualization, superior ergonomics, and precise instrumentation. Experience fewer complications and quicker recoveries with our advanced techniques.

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Our range of laparoscopic procedures includes:
- Prostate Cancer: Radical Prostatectomy
- Bladder Cancer: Partial/Radical Cystectomy
- Kidney Cancer: Partial/Radical Nephrectomy
- Adrenal Tumors: Adrenalectomy
- Congenital Urological Problems: Pyeloplasty, Ureteric Reimplantation
- Urinary Stone Diseases: Pyelolithotomy, Ureterolithotomy

Trust Urocare Hospital for cutting-edge care, where tradition meets innovation for your well-being.

Reconstructive urology encompasses a spectrum of intricate procedures, blending open and laparoscopic surgeries, demanding specialized expertise. Primarily addressing congenital anomalies, traumatic injuries, cancer-related complexities, and neurological implications, it demands a nuanced approach.

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Congenital anomalies like Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction and Vesico-Ureteric Reflux necessitate precise interventions such as Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty. Traumatic injuries, including urethral strictures from accidents, demand meticulous End-to-End Urethroplasty or advanced techniques like preputial free flap/buccal mucosal urethroplasty.

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Cancer-associated scenarios, such as total bladder removal in advanced bladder cancer, mandate intricate reconstructions like creating ileal Neo-Bladders or ileal Conduits using small bowel segments.

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For patients with neurogenic bladder conditions or inadequate bladder compliance, Augmentation Cystoplasty offers significant benefits. Additionally, procedures like Penile and Scrotal Reconstructions, along with Ureter Reconstruction employing bowel segments, underscore the breadth of reconstructive urology's impact and innovation.

Bladder Cancer:

- Transitional cell carcinoma (90%)

- Squamous cell carcinoma (4%)

- Adenocarcinoma (1-2%)

 

Risk Factors:

- Smoking

- Age (65-85)

- Occupational exposure

- Chronic inflammation/infection

- Chemotherapy drugs

- Radiation treatment

 

Symptoms:

- Hematuria

- Frequent urination

- Painful urination

- Lower back pain

- Weight loss (advanced cases)

 

Diagnosis:

- Physical exam

- Urine tests

- Imaging (CT, MRI)

- Cystoscopy

- Biopsy

 

Treatment:

- Surgery (Transurethral resection, Cystectomy)

- Radiation Therapy

- Chemotherapy

- Biologic Therapy

 

Prevention:

- Avoid smoking

- Minimize occupational exposure

- Balanced diet

- Phenacetin moderation

 

Kidney Cancer:

- Renal cell carcinoma (adults)

- Wilms' tumor (children)

 

Risk Factors:

- Smoking

- Family history

- Age (50+)

- Chronic renal stones

- Dialysis treatment

 

Symptoms:

- Hematuria

- Lower back pain

- Abdominal lump

- Unplanned weight loss

- Fever

 

Diagnosis:

- Blood/Urine tests

- Imaging (CT, MRI)

- Ultrasound

- Biopsy

 

Treatment:

- Surgery (Radical/Partial nephrectomy)

- Radiation Therapy

- Chemotherapy

- Immunotherapy

- Targeted Therapy

 

Prevention:

- Avoid tobacco

- Minimize occupational exposure

 

Penile Cancer:

- Malignant cells in penis tissues

 

Risk Factors:

- Uncircumcised

- Age (60+)

- Poor hygiene

- Multiple sexual partners

- Tobacco use

 

Symptoms:

- Redness/irritation

- Sores/discharge

- Lump

- Pain

 

Diagnosis:

- Physical exam

- Biopsy

 

Treatment:

- Surgery (Mohs, Laser, Circumcision)

- Radiation Therapy

- Chemotherapy

- Biologic Therapy

 

Prostate Cancer:

- Malignant cells in prostate gland

 

Risk Factors:

- Age (55+)

- Race (Black)

- Family history

- High-fat diet

 

Symptoms:

- Urinary changes

- Erectile difficulties

- Pain

 

Diagnosis:

- Digital rectal exam

- Blood/Urine tests

- Imaging

- Biopsy

 

Treatment:

- Surgery (Various approaches)

- Radiation Therapy

- Hormone Therapy

- Chemotherapy

- Immunotherapy

- Targeted Therapy

 

Prevention:

- Healthy lifestyle

- Consultation with a doctor

 

Testicular Cancer:

- Cancer cells in one or both testicles

 

Risk Factors:

- Personal/family history

- Age (25-35)

- Undescended testicle

 

Symptoms:

- Lump/swelling

- Pain

- Enlarged breasts

 

Diagnosis:

- Blood/Urine tests

- Ultrasound

- Biopsy

- Imaging

 

Treatment:

- Surgery

- Radiation Therapy

- Chemotherapy

 

Prevention:

- Correction of undescended testicles

- Consultation with a doctor

 

Uro-oncology demands expertise and a holistic approach. At Urocare Hospital, we prioritize timely and comprehensive care, offering cutting-edge treatments to combat these cancers effectively.

Conditions Treated in Children:

• Circumcision:

  • Surgical removal of excessive preputial skin.

  • Indications include ballooning of the prepuce, crying during urination, or recurrent UTIs.

  • Performed under anesthesia with a one-day stay.

• Hypospadias:

  • Birth defect with the urethral opening at an abnormal position.

  • Surgical correction required based on meatal location and chordee presence.

  • Staged surgeries may be necessary, typically performed after one year of age.

• Testis Disorders:

  • Surgical intervention for undescended testis or torsion.

  • Timely correction to prevent complications like torsion or malignancy.

• Torsion of Testis:

  • Emergency condition requiring surgical correction.

  • Sudden, severe pain due to testicular rotation.

  • Diagnostic ultrasound followed by untwisting and fixation.

• Neurogenic Bladder:

  • Abnormal voiding complaints due to spinal cord issues.

  • Managed conservatively or with intermittent catheterization.

• Nocturnal Enuresis (Bed-wetting):

  • Common urological issue in children.

  • Behavioral therapy and fluid intake modification usually sufficient.

• Urinary Tract Infection (UTI):

  • Requires detailed evaluation if associated with fever.

  • Investigations include blood/urine analysis, ultrasound, and VCUG if needed.

  • Treatment ranges from antibiotics to surgical correction.

• Hydrocele & Hernia:

  • Surgical correction for scrotal or abdominal swelling.

• Antenatal Hydronephrosis:

  • Surveillance during pregnancy.

  • Post-birth sonography and blood tests.

  • Treatment tailored based on kidney involvement.

Our pediatric urology department leads in India for treating Hypospadias cases. Trust us for specialized care tailored for your little ones.

The Prostate:
Nestled beneath the bladder and before the rectum, the prostate gland plays a pivotal role in male reproductive health. It sits at the crossroads of the urinary and reproductive systems, with the urethra passing through its center, facilitating the flow of urine and serving as a conduit for semen during ejaculation.

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Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH):
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or an enlarged prostate, is a common condition among aging men. As the gland enlarges, it can encroach upon the urethra, leading to urinary difficulties. While not cancerous, BPH can significantly impact quality of life, with symptoms such as difficulty urinating, weak stream, and nocturia.

 

Causes and Symptoms:
The underlying causes of BPH are linked to hormonal changes and cellular growth associated with aging. Symptoms may include difficulty urinating, weak stream, terminal dribbling, frequent urination, urgency, and nocturia.

 

Treatment Options:
Treatment strategies for BPH range from expectant management and medication to surgical interventions. Expectant management involves lifestyle modifications and observation. Medications aim to alleviate symptoms by reducing outflow resistance. Surgical options, such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or laser TURP, may be considered for severe cases.

 

Prostate Cancer:
Prostate cancer, or carcinoma of the prostate, presents a more serious health concern. While some tumors may remain localized within the gland, others can metastasize to distant sites, particularly the bones. Screening tests such as PSA tests and rectal exams are crucial for early detection.

Symptoms and Risk Factors:
While prostate cancer may not always manifest symptoms, signs such as difficulty urinating, pain, or blood in the urine may indicate its presence. Risk factors include age, genetics, diet, obesity, sexually transmitted diseases, and certain medications.

 

Diagnosis:
Diagnosing prostate cancer typically involves PSA tests, imaging studies like CT scans and bone scans, and sometimes biopsy.

 

Treatment Options:
Treatment modalities for prostate cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy. Surgical options like radical prostatectomy may be pursued if the cancer is localized. Radiation therapy targets localized disease or provides palliative care for bone pain in metastatic cases. Hormonal therapy involves medical or surgical castration to suppress tumor growth.

 

In navigating prostate health, understanding the intricacies of these conditions and treatment options empowers individuals to make informed decisions for their well-being.

Kidney Stones: Causes, Types, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

 

Kidney stones, solid masses formed of crystals, originate in the kidneys and can develop anywhere along the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, often causing excruciating pain.

 

Causes of Kidney Stones

 

The formation of kidney stones often lacks a single definitive cause, with several factors increasing the risk. When there are more crystal-forming substances—such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid—in the urine than it can dilute, coupled with a deficiency in substances preventing crystal aggregation, an environment conducive to kidney stone formation is created.

 

Types of Kidney Stones

 

1. Calcium Stones: The most common type, primarily made of calcium oxalate, phosphate, or maleate. Foods rich in oxalate, like potato chips, peanuts, chocolate, beets, and spinach, can exacerbate their formation.

 

2. Uric Acid Stones: More prevalent in men and often associated with chemotherapy or an overly acidic urine environment due to purine-rich diets found in animal proteins like fish, shellfish, and meats.

 

3. Struvite Stones: Typically affecting women, these stones form in response to kidney infections and can lead to substantial urinary obstruction.

 

4. Cystine Stones: Rare, they're primarily caused by the genetic disorder cystinuria, resulting in the excessive excretion of certain amino acids.

 

Symptoms

 

Kidney stones may remain asymptomatic until they move within the kidney or into the urethra, causing:

 

- Severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs

- Pain radiating to the lower abdomen and groin

- Painful urination

- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine

- Frequent urination

- Nausea, vomiting, chills, fever

- Blood in urine

- Difficulty urinating

 

Risk Factors

 

Several factors increase the risk of kidney stone development, including family history, dehydration, certain diets (high in protein, sodium, or sugar), obesity, digestive diseases or surgeries, and various medical conditions like renal tubular acidosis, cystinuria, hyperparathyroidism, and certain medications.

 

Treatment Options

 

1. Conservative Treatment: For stones smaller than 5-6 mm, symptomatic relief with analgesics or antibiotics may suffice.

 

2. Lithotripsy (ESWL): Utilized for stones smaller than 1.5 cm, shock waves fragment the stone, facilitating natural passage through the urinary tract.

 

3. Ureteroscopy (URS): Endoscopic stone removal from the ureter, often requiring regional or general anesthesia and a short hospital stay.

 

4. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Reserved for larger kidney stones (>2 cm), involving endoscopic stone removal after creating a tract from the patient's back, typically employing laser or pneumatic lithotripsy for fragmentation.

 

5. Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS): A flexible uretero-renoscope passes through the urethra to the kidney, fragmenting stones with laser assistance, suitable for stones up to 2 cm, with reduced bleeding risk, shorter hospital stays, and increased safety.

 

By comprehending the causes, types, symptoms, and treatment options for kidney stones, patients can navigate their condition more effectively, ensuring timely and appropriate care.

- Introduction to Andrology

  - Andrology is a sub-specialty of urology focused on male reproductive health.

  - It encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility and erectile dysfunction.

 

- Understanding Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence)

  - Erectile dysfunction refers to the chronic inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.

  - It can stem from physical or psychological causes.

    - Physical Causes:

      - Damage to nerves or blood vessels controlling penile blood flow.

      - Hormonal imbalances affecting sexual function.

      - Medications, smoking, and alcoholism.

      - Structural abnormalities like Chordee or Peyronie's disease.

    - Psychological Causes:

      - Stress, anxiety, anger, or frustration.

      - Performance anxiety or relationship issues.

      - Depression.

  - Symptoms include insufficient rigidity for penetration, brief erection duration, or loss of erection upon penetration.

  - Incidence increases with age, affecting 5% of men at 40 and up to 25% at 65 or older.

  - Diabetes can also contribute to erectile dysfunction, with diabetic males having a higher incidence.

 

- Diagnosis of Erectile Dysfunction

  - Nature of Impotence: Distinguishing between physical and psychological causes through detailed history and questioning.

  - General Examination: Comprehensive physical examination and genital inspection.

  - Laboratory Tests: Including hormone level assessments and Doppler studies for penile blood flow.

  

- Treatment Options for Erectile Dysfunction

  - Non-Surgical Approaches:

    - Lifestyle modifications like quitting smoking and changing medications.

    - Hormonal medications to address imbalances.

    - Counseling to address psychological factors.

    - Oral medications like Sildenafil and Tadalafil.

    - Vacuum therapy to increase penile blood flow.

    - Injection therapy for erection induction.

  - Surgical Treatments:

    - Penile prosthesis implantation as a last resort.

    - Surgery for structural abnormalities like Chordee or Peyronie's disease.

 

- Understanding Male Infertility

  - Male infertility refers to the inability to conceive despite regular, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or longer.

  - Causes include low sperm production, abnormal sperm function, or blockages hindering sperm delivery.

  - Factors contributing to male infertility range from illnesses and injuries to lifestyle choices and genetic factors.

 

- Diagnosis of Male Infertility

  - History taking and physical examination, including scrotal ultrasound and semen analysis.

  - Additional tests may include transrectal ultrasound, testicular biopsy, and hormonal profiling.

 

- Treatment Options for Male Infertility

  - Non-Surgical Therapy:

    - Addressing specific conditions like anejaculation, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, or infections with drugs or hormone replacement.

  - Surgical Therapy:

    - Varicocele treatments through varicocelectomy or embolization.

    - Azoospermia treatments such as microsurgical vasovasostomy or vasoepididymostomy.

  - Treatment for Unknown Causes:

    - Empiric therapy to balance hormone levels.

    - Assisted reproductive techniques like intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) for severe cases.

 

- Conclusion

  - Male infertility and erectile dysfunction are complex conditions with various underlying causes.

  - Diagnosis involves comprehensive assessments, and treatment options range from lifestyle changes and medications to surgical interventions and assisted reproduction techniques.

  - With advancements in medical science, effective treatment options are available to help men overcome these challenges and lead fulfilling lives.

Endourological procedures, conducted through an endoscope without incisions, revolutionize urological interventions. Here's a glimpse into common procedures:

 

For Stones:

- PCNL (Per Cutaneous Lithotomy)

- URS (Uretero Reno Scopy)

- RIRS (Flexible Ureteroscopy)

- Cystolitholapexy

 

For Prostate:

- TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)

- Saline TURP

- LASER TURP

 

For Stricture Urethra:

- VIU (Visual Internal Urethrotomy)

 

For Tumors:

- TUR-BT (Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumor)

 

Others:

- D-J Stenting (Double-J Stenting)

 

PCNL (Per Cutaneous Lithotomy):

- Removal of kidney or upper ureter stones through a small flank puncture.

- Minimal wound size (3mm to 10mm) with or without stitches.

- High success rate (90-95%) with short hospital stay.

 

URS (Uretero Reno Scopy):

- Stone removal from the ureter using a ureteroscope passed through the urethra.

- General or spinal anesthesia, short hospitalization, and high stone-free rate (over 95%).

 

RIRS (Flexible Ureteroscopy):

- Flexible scope insertion through the urethra to remove stones in the upper ureter or kidney.

- General anesthesia, short hospital stay, and excellent stone clearance rate (over 90%).

 

Cystolitholapexy:

- Bladder stone removal through the urethra.

- Quick procedure under spinal or general anesthesia with rapid recovery.

 

VIU (Visual Internal Urethrotomy):

- Treatment of urethral strictures via urethral scope insertion.

- Short procedure time, one-day hospitalization, with temporary urethral catheter placement.

 

TUR-BT (Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumor):

- Bladder tumor removal through urethral scope insertion.

- General anesthesia, short procedure time, and brief hospitalization.

 

D-J Stenting (Double-J Stenting):

- Placement of a temporary stent through a scope from the kidney to bladder.

- Indicated for obstructing stones or ureteral compression.

- Stents are removed once the underlying condition is resolved.

1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
2. Stricture Urethra
3. Stress Urinary Incontinence
4. Interstitial Cystitis
5. Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) and Uretero Vaginal Fistula (UVF)

 

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI):

UTI is prevalent across all age groups, particularly affecting females due to their shorter urethral length and its proximity to the genital tract.

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Symptoms commonly include burning during urination, lower abdominal pain, and increased urinary frequency. Diagnosis typically involves urine culture and ultrasound examination. Treatment often necessitates a course of antibiotics ranging from 3 to 15 days.

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Stricture Urethra:

This condition involves the narrowing of the urethral diameter, often seen in post-menopausal females due to estrogen deficiency, and in young females due to recurrent infections.

 

Treatment options include local estrogen application or urethral dilation under anesthesia. Stricture urethra is known for its tendency to recur.

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Stress Urinary Incontinence:

Common after the age of 50, this condition presents with involuntary urine leakage during activities like coughing, sneezing, or lifting weights.

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Diagnosis is straightforward with examinations such as the Bonney’s test. Mild cases can be managed with pelvic floor exercises and weight management, while moderate to severe cases may require a sling procedure around the urethra, typically done through the vagina. This surgery, lasting about 30 minutes under anesthesia, boasts a high success rate.

 

Interstitial Cystitis:

This condition involves complaints of burning urination, lower abdominal pain, and increased urinary frequency, typically affecting individuals between 30 to 50 years old.

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Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes through procedures like cystoscopy, which can also serve as a therapeutic measure. Oral medications are available and effective in some cases.

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Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) and Uretero Vaginal Fistula (UVF):

These are uncommon conditions characterized by abnormal connections between the bladder and vagina, or between the bladder and ureter, often as complications of pelvic surgeries such as hysterectomy or cesarean section.

 

Diagnosis involves patient examination and CT IVP testing. Surgical treatment, either open or laparoscopic, is typically required and boasts a high success rate, with surgery duration ranging from 2 to 4 hours and hospitalization lasting 5 to 7 days.